The Development of Islamic Society in Makkah and Madinah: A Study of Da'wah Communication and Community Governance

Abstract

The journey of Prophet Muhammad SAW’s da'wah (Islamic propagation) represents a significant chapter in the history of Islam, exerting a profound influence on the formation of Muslim society and the development of world civilization. This article aims to analyze the process of the Prophet’s da'wah during the Makkah and Madinah periods and to examine the development of Islam throughout these two phases through a literature review approach. The research employs a library research method by utilizing various sources, including scholarly journals, books, and articles relevant to the research topic. Data collection was conducted through documentation and analysis of references related to the history of Prophet Muhammad SAW’s da'wah. The findings indicate that during the Makkah period, the Prophet’s da'wah primarily focused on strengthening aqidah (Islamic creed), developing moral character, and reinforcing the faith of believers. In contrast, during the Madinah period, the da'wah expanded toward establishing an organized Islamic society, strengthening the bonds of brotherhood among Muslims, and developing social, political, and legal systems based on Islamic values. The novelty of this article lies in its discussion, which not only describes the historical events of the Prophet’s da'wah but also examines the continuity of da'wah strategies between the Makkah and Madinah periods and their relevance to the development of contemporary Muslim society.